How does extending wing flaps affect lift and drag?

Extending wing flaps is a critical maneuver in aviation that significantly alters the aerodynamics of the aircraft. When flaps are deployed, they change the shape of the wing, thus increasing the camber and allowing the wing to generate more lift at lower speeds. This increased lift is essential during takeoff and landing phases, as it enables the aircraft to fly safely at slower airspeeds without stalling.

Alongside the increase in lift, extending the flaps also results in an increase in drag. This occurs because the extended flaps create a greater surface area and alter the airflow over the wing, which contributes to increased aerodynamic resistance encountered by the aircraft. The additional drag can be advantageous during landing and approach, as it helps to slow down the airplane.

Therefore, when flaps are extended, they enhance lift while simultaneously increasing drag, making it essential for pilots to understand the relationship and manage the associated increases in lift and drag during different phases of flight.