What effect does ground effect have on landing performance?

Ground effect refers to the increased lift and reduced drag that an aircraft experiences when it is close to the ground, typically within one wingspan distance from the surface. When an aircraft is in this proximity to the ground, the airflow around the wings is altered, leading to a higher pressure under the wings and thus enhancing lift.

This phenomenon can be particularly pronounced during the landing phase, where the pilot may experience a noticeable increase in lift as the aircraft descends through this layer of altered air. Consequently, this means that while the aircraft might be preparing to land, it could float longer above the runway due to this extra lift. Understanding ground effect is crucial for managing landing speeds and approach angles effectively. It's important for pilots to anticipate how ground effect will influence their landing performance, as it can lead to a longer landing rollout if not taken into consideration.

This comprehensive understanding of how ground effect enhances lift close to the ground is vital for safe landings, helping pilots execute smoother approaches and landings.