What is the primary function of flaps on an aircraft?

The primary function of flaps on an aircraft is to increase lift during takeoff and landing. When deployed, flaps extend and change the shape of the wing, which increases the surface area and camber, allowing the wing to generate more lift at lower airspeeds. This is particularly beneficial during critical phases of flight, such as takeoff and landing, where the aircraft operates at slower speeds. By increasing lift, flaps enable the aircraft to take off and land more effectively, reducing the required runway length and improving overall safety.

The use of flaps is essential because, during these phases, the aircraft needs to maintain flight at a slower speed while still supporting its weight. Other functions like reducing engine noise or stabilizing the aircraft are not related to the flap mechanism. Similarly, while properly configured flaps can indirectly affect fuel consumption by allowing for slower flight, their primary design purpose is to enhance lift.